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倒装 （Inversion） （高二内容）

英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”。如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为“倒装”。
一）所谓倒装也就是谓语动词出现在主语之前的现象。其中谓语动词全部放在主语之前的叫作全部或完全倒装；把谓语中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前的则称为部分倒装。
二）倒装的一些结构：
*由here，there，now, then等副词引起的句子中，动词往往是come，go，需用全部倒装。如：
There goes the bell!
Now comes your turn.。
但当主语为代词时，不用倒装结构。
Here they are.
**用在以so，neither，nor引起的缩略答语中，
即So do sb./ Neither(nor) do sb.结构。
***only + 副词/介词短语/状语从句时
1） Only when he reached school did he realize that he left his textbook at home.
2） Only then did she see her mother.
3） Only in this way can we improve our English.
****not only…but(also)和not until置于句首时，如：
Not only does he play football well, but he also draws a good picture.（倒装在主句）
Not until he lost his health did he realize what good health meant.（倒装在主句）
*****表否定意义的状语（包括副词、连词、状语从句）放在句首时。如：
hardly /never /not /scarcely/ seldom/little
1) Never shall I forget the day when I met Mr.Wang in the countryside.
2)As she is busy writing an important article, seldom does she watch Tv.
3)Hardly does the hibernating animal make any movement and need any food in winter.
4)Little did I expect to meet him on such an occasion.
******副词out， in， away等置于句首时。需用全部倒装。如：
Out jumped a tiger from behind a rock.
In comes an old man with a long white beard.
但当主语是代词时勿需倒装。
Out they went into the forest.
Away they rushed when they saw some enemy soldiers running along.
*******当地点状语置于句首时，亦需倒装结构(全部倒装)。如：
At the corner of the street stands a newly-opened tea house.
On the wall hang two pictures.
********在虚拟语气结构中，当if省略时需倒装。
If he had known about it , he would have come to the meeting yesterday.
= Had he known about it, he would have come to the meeting yesterday.
**********在so + adj/adv + that…结构中，当so + adj/adv置于句首时，需要用倒装结构。如：
So loudly did he speak that everybody could hear him clearly.
Still less/more 接从句时，需要倒装。如：
He cannot read, still less can he write.
他不会看书，更不用说写了。
He repairs the machine, still more does he set it to pieces.
他会修机器，更会拆机器。
*在Scarcely / Hardly…when和No sooner… than的结构中。如：
Hardly had I got back when I started cooking.
No sooner had we sat down than he found it was time to go.
**在祝愿句使用倒装。如：
1)Long live the friendship between us.
2)May you all have a pleasant time on the trip.
*** 在as引导的让步状语从句中
1） Tired as he was , he worked late into the night.
2） Child as he was ,he was very brave.