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littlewing的总结笔记:反意疑问句要点

反意疑问句主要由“陈述句+反意疑问”构成，反意疑问部分的动词一般要与陈述部分的动词相对应，反意疑问部分的主语要与陈述部分的主语相对应，如果陈述部分的主语是名词，则反意疑问部分用相应的代词表示

其形式：
肯定陈述句+否定反意疑问句
This pencil is red,isn't it?
否定陈述句+肯定反意疑问句
This pencil isn't red,is it?
肯定陈述句+肯定反意疑问句
This pencil is red,isn't it?
否定陈述句+否定反意疑问句
This pencil isn't red,isn't it?
（前两种形式是主要的，后两种不常见）

其用法：

1 a 以let's开头的祈使句，反意疑问用shall we
b 以let us 开头的祈使句，反意疑问部分则用will you
c 如果祈使句是否定形式，那么反意疑问句只能用will you
d 当陈述部分是祈使句时，反意疑问部分一般用will you（这种情况，有些语法书上说也可用won't you,would you，但我觉得还是记will you最好，不乱）
Don't be too late,will you?
Come here,will you?
Let's have a party tonight,shall we?
Let us have a look at you pictures,will you?
Don't forget to bring your notebooks here tomorrow,will you?

2 陈述句是主从复合句，反意疑问句中主谓语与主句的主谓语保持对应关系
*以think/suppose/believe/expect/feel/guess …为谓语动词的的主从复合句，且主语是第一人称I时，反意疑问句中主谓语与从句的主谓语保持对应关系（注意人称、时态保持一致，同时还要考虑到否定的转移）
I believe that the boy can get a ticket for you, can’t he?
I don't think I will trouble you much，will I?

3 当陈述部分是there存在句时，反意疑问部分的主语用there
There aren't a lof of flowers in the garden in winter,are there?
There existed different oppinions on this issue,didn't there?

4 当陈述部分是以不定代词one作主语时，反意疑问句的主语在正式场合用one,在非正式场合用you
One cannot succeed at this,can one?
One cannot succeed at this,can you?

5 当陈述部分是I'm...结构时，反意疑问部分一般用aren't I
I am a student,aren't I?

6 陈述部分的主语是this,that时，疑问部分的主语多用it;陈述部分的主语是these,those时，疑问部分的主语多用they。如：
This is a dictionary,isn’t it?
Those are shelves,aren’t they?

7 当陈述部分的谓语动词是have时，反意疑问部分要根据have的意义及形式而定
a 当have表示“所有”含义时，反意疑部厅以用have形式，也可以用do形式
He has a book in his hand,hasn't he?
He has a book in his hand,doesn't he?
b 当陈述部分的动词是have的否定形式时，反意疑问部分是用have形式还是用do形式，取决于陈述部分的动词形式
You haven't a car,have you?
You don't have any money with you,do you?
c 当have不表示“所有”含义而表示其他含义时，反意疑问句则必须用do的形式
We had a good time in the vacation,didn't we?
He has his breakfast at seven everyday,doesn't he?
You have to get up early tomorrow,don't you?

8 当陈述部分带有never,nothing,nowthere,seldom,hardly,rarely,few,little 等否定词或半否定词时，反意疑问部分的动词用肯定形式
You can hardly believe what he said,can you?
There is little ink in the bottle,is there?
Few people know this place,do they?
*当陈述部分的谓语动词是带有un-，in-，dis-等否定前缀的动词，则仍然把陈述部分看作肯定句，那么反意疑问部分用否定形式
He is impolite to the teacher,isn't he?
He distrusted anybody around him,didn't he?

9 当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to时，反意疑问部分在英式英语中用ought 形式，在美式英语中用should形式

You ought to see the new picture,shouldn't you?
Teachers ought to be honoured,oughtn't they?

10 当陈述部分带有情态动词used to时，反意疑问部分可以用used形式，也可以用did形式
She used to live abroad,usedn't she?
There used to be a newsstand in the corner of the street,didn't there?

11 当陈述部分带有情态动词must时，反意疑问部分需视must的含义而定
a 当must表示“命令或强制”时，反意疑问部分用mustn't
You must do it by yourself,mustn't you?
b 当must表示“有必要”时，反意疑问句用needn't
You must see him tonight,meedn't you?
c 当must表示“一定”或“想必”等推测意义时，反意疑问部分不用mustn't，而根据must后的动词形式而定
He must be crazy to do so,isn't he?
She must have been there for a long time,hasn't she?
They must have stayed at home last might,didn't they?

12 当陈述部分带有need时，反意疑问部分需视need的含义而定。如果need用作情态动词，则反意疑问部分用need形式；如果need用作实义动词，表示“需要”，则反意疑问部分用do形式
You needn't go there,need you?
She needs to fo there,doesn't she?
Plants need sun to grow,don't they?

13 当陈述部分带有I'd better或I'd rather时，反意疑问部分用hadn't或wouldn't
You'd better finish the task before tomorrow,hadn't you?
He'd rather stay with us,wouldn't he?

14 陈述句的主语是动词不定式，动词的ing形式或从句时，疑问部分的主语多用it来体现
Taking care of our environment is very important, isn’t it?
What he said is right, isn’t it?

15 陈述句的主语是nobody, no one, everyone, somebody 等不定代词时，反意疑问部分的主语多用they; 如果陈述句的主语是something, nothing, anything, everything 等不定代词时，反意疑问部分的主语多用it
Nobody says a word about the accident, do they?
Everything seems all right, doesn’t it?

16 陈述句中的谓语动词是表示愿望的wish时，反意疑问句中用may，而且要用肯定
I wish to recollect where I met her,may I?

17 陈述句若是并列句,反意疑问句中的主语与谓语应与最靠近的句子的主语和谓语保持对应关系(呵呵,昨天做题时候刚见到的)
We must study English hard, or we are not good at English, are we?